Glossary

Fake audio, video or images made with AI to look or sound like a real person doing or saying something they didn't.

Source: neither NIST document gives a formal definition. The FCC describes AI-generated "deep fake" videos of celebrities that look real but where "the celebrity in the video is generated using AI and did not actually film the message" (FCC deepfake guide).

AI that creates new text, images, audio or video based on patterns in what it learned from.

Source: NIST AI 600-1 quotes EO 14110: "the class of AI models that emulate the structure and characteristics of input data in order to generate derived synthetic content… images, videos, audio, text, and other digital content." (NIST AI 600-1, p. 1 fn.)

When an AI confidently states something false or made up.

Source: NIST AI 600-1: "The production of confidently stated but erroneous or false content (known colloquially as 'hallucinations' or 'fabrications')."

Hidden or malicious instructions, in a web page, email or file, that trick an AI tool into doing something you didn't ask for.

Source: NIST AI 600-1: "prompt injection involves modifying what input is provided to a GAI system so that it behaves in unintended ways."

An automated or prerecorded phone call. AI-generated voices count as "artificial" voices under the TCPA.

Source: FCC Declaratory Ruling FCC-24-17 (Feb 8, 2024).

Faking caller ID so a call looks like it's from a trusted or local number.

Source: FCC guide: "Spoofing tricks Caller ID into showing a 'local' number."

Pictures, video, audio or text that a computer made or heavily changed.

Source: NIST AI 100-4: "information, such as images, videos, audio clips, and text, that has been significantly altered or generated by algorithms, including by AI."

Tools that try to tell whether content was made by AI.

Source: NIST AI 100-4: "techniques, methods, and tools used to classify whether a given piece of content or portion of content is synthetic or not."

Using AI to copy someone's voice from a recording so it can "say" new things.

Source: FTC 2023 alert ("All he needs is a short audio clip… and a voice-cloning program"); NIST AI 100-4 names voice cloning as a fraud risk.